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Table 3 Comparison of manual and semi-automatic annotation metrics for each leaf or stalk

From: PFLO: a high-throughput pose estimation model for field maize based on YOLO architecture

Data stage

Number of keypoints (Mean ± Std)

Inter-point distance (pixels, Mean ± Std)

Manual annotation (before)

6.36 ± 2.90

176.65 ± 129.11

Semi-automatic (after)

17.00 ± 0.00

49.92 ± 30.97