Fig. 1

Generation of luc-labeled P. infestans strain. a Morphology and bioluminescence signal of wild type JH19 and luc-labeled strain PiLuc, which were captured at 6 days. + : strong signal; −: weak signal. b, c Comparison analysis of the growth rate of JH19 and PiLuc on V8 and Plich medium, respectively. Data are shown as the mean ± SD (n = 12). The y-axis is the growth rate (cm/day). d–f Comparison of sporangia number, zoospore number and zoospore germination ratio of JH19 and PiLuc. The experiments had at least three replicates. g Comparison evaluation of pathogenicity between JH19 and PiLuc. Data are presented as mean ± SD (n = 9). The y-axis indicates the biomass (log₁₀DNA Con. (ng)) of P. infestans. ns indicates no significant difference between JH19 and PiLuc (Students’ t-test)